Chap.8 : Hazard identification

           Objective of SMSM Chap.8 Hazard identification and risk assessment is to  describe the hazard identification system and how such data are collated. What is the process for the categorization of hazards/risks and their subsequent prioritization for a documented safety assessment.  How the safety assessment process is conducted and how preventive action plans are implemented.
 Criteria  

  1. Identified hazards are evaluated, prioritized and processed for risk assessment.
  2. Structured process for risk assessment involving the evaluation of severity, likelihood, tolerability and preventive controls.
  3. Hazard identification and riskassessment procedures focus on aviation safety as their fundamental context.
  4. Risk assessment process utilizes worksheets, forms or software appropriate           

 complexity of the organization and operations involved. 

Having identified the hazards, the possible major impacts of each should be itemized, such as:
  • Sequential events (for example, a fire after an explosion).
  • Evacuation.
  • Casualties.
  • Damage to plant infrastructure.
  • Loss of vital records/documents.
  • Damage to equipment.
  • Disruption of work.
Based on these events, the required actions are determined. For example:
  • Declare emergency.
  • Sound the alert.
  • Evacuate danger zone.
  • Close main shutoffs.
  • Call for external aid.
  • Initiate rescue operations.
  • Attend to casualties.
  • Fight fire.
The final consideration is a list and the location of resources needed:
  • Medical supplies.
  • Auxiliary communication equipment.
  • Power generators.
  • Respirators.
  • Chemical and radiation detection equipment.
  • Mobile equipment.
  • Emergency protective clothing.
  • Fire fighting equipment.
  • Ambulance.
  • Rescue equipment.
  • Trained personnel.
The organization will develop and maintain a process that ensures that hazards in operations are identified. 
Technological hazards are:
  1. Fire.
  2. Fuel
  3. Explosion.
  4. Building collapse.
  5. Major structural failure.
  6. Spills of flammable liquids.
  7. Accidental release of toxic substances.
  8. Deliberate release of hazardous biological agents, or toxic chemicals.
  9. Other terrorist activities.
  10. Exposure to ionizing radiation.
  11. Loss of electrical power.
  12. Loss of water supply.
  13. Loss of communications.
Areas where flammables, explosives, or chemicals are used or stored should be considered as the most likely place for a technological hazard emergency to occur.
The risk from natural hazards is not the same across Canada but the list would include:
  1. Floods.
  2. Earthquakes.
  3. Tornadoes.
  4. Other severe wind storms.
  5. Snow or ice storms.
  6. Severe extremes in temperature (cold or hot).
  7. Pandemic diseases like influenza.


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